On August 25, 2025, Cambodia’s National Assembly unanimously approved a sweeping new law that allows authorities to strip citizens of their nationality if convicted of “colluding with foreign powers” or committing acts deemed harmful to the country’s sovereignty, territorial integrity, or national security. All 120 lawmakers present voted in favor of the measure, which builds on a constitutional amendment passed just weeks earlier.
The amendment, adopted in July, altered Article 33 of Cambodia’s Constitution, which had previously guaranteed that no citizen could be deprived of their nationality. The revised provision now states that the “receiving, losing, and revoking of Khmer nationality shall be determined by law,” clearing the legal path for Monday’s legislation.
Rights Groups Warn of Broad Government Powers
Human rights organizations have condemned the bill as an unprecedented threat to civil liberties. Amnesty International and a coalition of more than 50 Cambodian NGOs labeled the law “chilling” and “draconian,” warning that its vague language grants authorities excessive discretion to target political opponents and dissidents. Critics argue the measure could render individuals stateless, particularly those with limited or no access to other citizenships.
“The potential for abuse is extremely high,” said one legal analyst based in Phnom Penh. “Given Cambodia’s weak judicial independence, this law could become a tool to silence critics both inside the country and abroad.”
Government Defends National Security Measures
Officials have pushed back against the criticism, framing the legislation as essential to safeguarding national interests. They point to rising security tensions along the border with Thailand and claim the law is aimed solely at individuals who act against Cambodia’s sovereignty. “This law will apply only to traitors who betray the nation,” a government spokesperson said.
Concerns for Political Exiles and Dual Citizens
Activists and legal scholars warn that the law could disproportionately affect Cambodians in exile, many of whom hold dual citizenship and are outspoken critics of the government. They argue that the measure could deter political activism and further erode democratic freedoms in the country.
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